Snowy Days and Solar Panels: Uncovering the Truth Behind Winter Energy Production

Many homeowners believe that solar panels stop producing energy when covered in snow. The common thought is that snow blocks sunlight completely, rendering solar panels useless during winter months. This idea can cause concern for those who have invested in solar energy or are considering it. The reality is more encouraging: solar panels often continue to generate electricity even on snowy and cloudy days. This post explores why solar panels keep working in winter and how snow affects their performance.

Solar panel with melting snow on a winter morning

How Snow Affects Solar Panels

Snow can cover solar panels, but it rarely stays long enough to stop energy production entirely. Several factors influence how much snow impacts solar power output:

• Snow Coverage Duration

Snow usually does not stay on panels for extended periods. Panels are installed at an angle, which helps snow slide off as temperatures rise or sunlight warms the surface.

• Snow Thickness and Density

Light, fluffy snow may allow some sunlight to pass through, while thick, heavy snow blocks more light. However, even a thin layer of snow can reduce output temporarily.

• Temperature Effects

Cold temperatures improve solar panel efficiency. Panels perform better in cooler weather because heat reduces their ability to convert sunlight into electricity.

Why Solar Panels Still Produce Energy Under Snow

Even when snow covers solar panels, they can still generate some electricity. Here’s why:

Light Penetration Through Snow and Clouds

Snow and clouds scatter sunlight, creating diffused light. This indirect light can reach solar cells beneath a thin snow layer. Although the energy produced is less than on clear days, it is not zero.

Cold Weather Improves Efficiency

Solar panels lose efficiency when they get too hot. Winter’s cold temperatures help panels operate more efficiently, offsetting some loss caused by reduced sunlight.

Snow Shedding Design

Most solar panels are mounted with a tilt between 15 and 40 degrees. This angle encourages snow to slide off naturally. As the sun warms the panels during the day, snow melts and slides away, exposing the surface to direct sunlight again.

Indirect UV and Ambient Light

Clouds and snow do not block all ultraviolet (UV) rays or ambient light. Solar panels can capture this indirect energy, allowing them to produce power even on overcast, snowy days.

Real-World Examples of Winter Solar Production

Homeowners in snowy regions often report solar panels producing energy throughout winter. For example:

• In Minnesota, a state known for heavy snow, solar panels still generate 40-60% of their typical summer output during winter months.

• A study in New York showed solar systems producing power on 70% of winter days, despite frequent snow and cloud cover.

• In Canada, solar panels installed on steep roofs shed snow quickly, minimizing downtime and maintaining steady energy production.

  
  

These examples demonstrate that solar panels remain a reliable energy source even in cold, snowy climates.

Tips to Maximize Solar Panel Performance in Winter

To ensure your solar system works well during winter, consider these practical tips:

• Install Panels at an Optimal Angle

A steeper tilt helps snow slide off faster and improves sunlight capture during low winter sun angles.

• Regularly Clear Heavy Snow

Use a soft brush or roof rake designed for solar panels to gently remove thick snow buildup without damaging the surface.

• Monitor System Performance

Use monitoring tools to track energy production and identify any issues quickly.

• Choose High-Quality Panels

Some solar panels perform better in low light and cold conditions. Research panel specifications before purchase.

• Keep Panels Clean

Dirt and debris can reduce efficiency. Clean panels when accessible and safe.

What to Expect from Your Solar Panels in Winter

While solar panels produce less energy in winter compared to summer, they rarely stop working completely. Expect:

• Reduced peak output due to shorter daylight hours and snow coverage.

• Continued energy production from diffused sunlight and cold temperature efficiency.

• Periods of zero production only during heavy snowstorms or when panels are fully covered for extended time.

  
  

Understanding these factors helps set realistic expectations and encourages confidence in solar energy year-round.